1. Value-judgement
Mixed.
- Value-judgement (prestige marker): sometimes functions as a marker of status; can often be removed without changing core propositional meaning.
Typical nouns (epistemic/cognitive): understanding, knowledge, information, insight(s), background(s), rationale, premise, foundation, basis, idea(s), perspective, view(s), approach - NOT value-judgement (domain/role/standard): defines a domain, role, institutional category, or standard; removing it changes reference/scope.
Typical nouns (organizational/standards/institutional): community, workforce, career, leadership, training, program, infrastructure, committee, advisory board, director, staff, collaboration, conference, journal, publication, communication, integrity, rigor, ethics, method, computing, management, oversight
Examples
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…reflecting its unique capability to bridge the critical gap between scientific innovations and their effective implementation in clinical medicine. (Value-judgement)
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…to employ novel scientific approaches so that we can advance knowledge and better diagnose, prevent and cure the disease. (Not value-judgement / domain)
2. Hyperbolic
Not inherently hyperbolic.
Examples
NA
3. Gratuitous
Sometimes gratuitous when modifying abstract epistemic nouns where “scientific” is presupposed or contextually clear (e.g., understanding, knowledge, insight, merit, importance, value, progress, advance, achievement).
Examples
- The research findings will further scientific insights into the mechanisms of cancer prevention and develop novel potential biomarkers as determinants of response. (Gratuitous)
4. Amplified
Rare.
Examples
NA
5. Coordinated
Sometimes coordinated/stacked with other evaluative adjectives (e.g., rigorous, intellectual, critical, innovative, modern, practical, strategic, careful, complementary, comprehensive, important).
Examples
- We plan to achieve this goal via a rigorous, scientific, comprehensive and peer-reviewed approach … (Coordinated)
6. Broader context
When ambiguous, consider whether surrounding context contributes to or detracts from overall promotional force (e.g., other hype terms vs. relative/hedged framing).
Examples
- We plan to achieve this goal via a rigorous, scientific, comprehensive and peer-reviewed approach … (Broader context)