1. Value-judgement
Can imply positive evaluation (“most up-to-date”).
Check: what noun does it modify?
If the noun already implies “new knowledge” (e.g., discoveries, developments, advances, progress), latest is more likely to function promotionally.
Examples
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DRS 1.1 is the latest version of the GA4GH standard and includes GUID support. (NOT HYPE)
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…discuss the latest findings at all levels of cancer modeling research. (NOT HYPE)
2. Hyperbolic
No — not inherently hyperbolic.
Examples
- NA
3. Gratuitous
Can be gratuitous when it adds little to propositional content (often with “new knowledge” nouns).
Examples
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(1) keep the pulmonary imaging community informed about the latest developments in structural, functional and molecular lung imaging (HYPE)
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This FASEB meeting will be unique in integrating the latest discoveries in epigenetics … (HYPE)
4. Amplified
Can be amplified by boosters.
Examples
- We will apply the very latest advances in single cell technology and analysis … (HYPE)
5. Coordinated
May be coordinated with other evaluative adjectives or hype candidates.
Examples
- We will apply the latest and most innovative advances in single cell technology … (HYPE)
6. Broader context
When ambiguous, consider whether the surrounding context is promotional (e.g., “unique”, “unprecedented”).
Examples
- We will apply the latest advances in single cell technology and analysis to gain unprecedented insights … (HYPE)